A hysteroscopy with biopsy is a minimally-invasive surgical procedure that gives the doctor a view of the uterus by inserting a small camera (hysteroscope) through the cervix from the vagina. Depending on what they see, the doctor will sample the lining of the uterus (endometrial biopsy) and/or remove uterine polyps. They may also perform a dilation and curettage (D&C) to cut part of the uterine lining, usually to treat heavy bleeding or other menstrual issues.