Dilation and curettage (D&C) is a procedure to remove tissue from inside the uterus. The procedure is performed to diagnose and treat uterine conditions such as heavy bleeding, or to clear the uterine lining after a miscarriage or abortion. During a dilation and curettage procedure, the doctor uses small instruments or a medication to open (dilate) the lower, narrow part of the uterus (cervix). The doctor then uses a surgical instrument called a curette (a sharp instrument or suction device) to remove uterine tissue.